| Abstract: | Cytogenetic studies were performed on 41 human solid tumors, including 14 brain tumors, 18 colorectal adencocarcinomas and 9 gastric adenocarcinomas.
Chromosomal analysis of the 14 brain tumor cells shows that loss of chromosome 22 or Y are the most frequent chromosome variation. Structural rearrangements are also seen in two brain tumors(Bca-1
and Bca-13).
The chromosomal rearrangement contains deletions, unbalanced
translocation and inversion, and aberrations in chromosome are the
most coommon.
The most frequent chromosome changes were trisomy 7 , trisomy 8 , trisomy 13 and losses of sex chromosome in colorectal adenocarcinomas.
Chromosomal studies of 9 gastric adenocarcinomas, one case (Sca-1) were near-diploid and near-triploid, the most frequent chromosome abnormalities were trisomy 8 , trisome 9 and trisomy 20, and
balances translocation between chromosome 6q12 and 12p13 , trisomy 7 and tetrasomy 7 are also seen in another gastric ademocarcinomas(Sca-4).
Cytogenetic studies of the 41 human solid tumors, 15 cases (36.59%) have normal kanytype Y , 26 cases(63 .4 1%) show chromosomal abnormalities, In these 26 cases , trisomy 7 (31%)and losses of
sex chromosome( 67%) are the most frequent chromosomal abnormalitíes.
The breakspoints in brain tumor abnormal chromosomes are 1p35 ,1q21 , 1q25, 1p21 , 3p21, 3q21, 4q11, 4p11 , 5p12, 5q13, 8p12, 12p13 型
12q24，13p11 , 14q22，15p13 and 3p11， and those found in gastric
adenocarcinomas are lp16, 3q25, 3p13, 3ql1 , 4pl1, 6q12, 6q25,
6q27 and 12p13.
Some of the break points that found in those tumors are involved
in locations of contain oncogene , our data confirmed preferential
break points and location of oncogene , such as 1p35-1 ck, 3p22-erb-A2, 4q11-kit,6q24-mas-1 and 1p36-fqr.
利用細胞遺傳方法(cytogenetic study) 分析41 例人類實質性腫瘤組織(human solid tumars)之染色體，其中有14 例是屬於腦瘤(brain tumors)，18 例屬於大腸直腸癌(colorectal adenocarcinomas)和9 例屬於胃癌(gastric adenocarcinomas) 。
在14 例腦瘤染色體研究，有4 例(28%)是正常染色體核型圖，10 例(72 %)是異常染色體核核型圖其中8 例為染色體數目的異常(以二種或二種以上核型圓共同存在)，在這些數目異常以monosomy22 和性染色體遺失最普遍，染色體構造上異常有2 例(Bca-l 和Bca-13) 。二者共同特點是第1對染色體產生改變，包括缺失，不平衡轉位，倒轉之異常。
大腸直湯癌(colorectal adenocorcinomas)在癌症治療過程中，死亡率僅次於乳癌和肺癌的主要一種惡性疾病，在本文收集18 例大腸直癌的染色體研究有5 例(28 %)為正常核型圖， 13 例(72%)為不正常核型圖，在18 例中有4 例為正常核型圖和性染色體遺失二者共同存在，有9 例是三種以上核型圖存在，大部分數目異常有的trisomy7. trÌsomy13. trisomy 8 和失去Y 染色體或X 染色體之性染色體比率多。
在9 例胃癌中之核型園，有3 例(33 %)染色體異常， 6 例(67 %)是正常核型圖，其中病例Sca-l 在染色體數自從46 至99 個，數目上異常以trisomy8.9 和20 是常見。在構造上異常以第6對長臂與第12對短臂平衡轉位居多，另一病例Sca-4 是染色體數目異tetrasomy7.
trisomy7 和失去Y 染色體較常見。
綜合41 例實質性腫瘤其中15例(36.59 %)是擁有正常的染色體核型圖， 26 例(63.41%)為染色體異常，在患者平均年齡以大腸直腸癌病人的年齡較長，平均年齡約69 歲，而腦瘤病人的年齡較年輕，平均年齡約43.8 歲，又在染色體異常以三染色體trisomy7.(31 %)和遺失性染色體(69%)有顯著異常，在腦瘤染色體異常斷裂的位置有1p35, 1q21, 1q25, lp21 , 3q21 , 3p22, 4q11 , 4p11 , 5p12, 5q13, 8p12, 12p13, 12q24, 13p11 , 14q22, 15p13 ， 22pl1 。在胃癌染色體異常斷裂的位置有1p16, 3q35, 3p13, 3q11 , 4p11 , 6q12 , 6q25, 6q27 和12p13 等。
由以上結果顯示;在腫瘤中常發現的染色體斷裂點(breakpoint)可能存在主控腫瘤的基因位置，但仍須依賴分子遺傳技術加以證實和更進一步採討。 |
