| Abstract: | 目的：本研究係針對廢水處理廠可能生生物氣膠之主要操作單元，包括進流口、調勻池及曝氣池，以安德森生物氣膠衝擊器及MAS100採樣器進行採樣，探討各操作單元所生的生物氣膠濃度特性。方法：本研究於89年10月至12月於台中縣某工業區的廢水處理廠，將安德森六階採樣器及MAS100採樣器放置於1.5公尺的高度，以模擬人呼吸區高度。安德森六階採樣器採樣時間在廠內15分鍾、MAS100採樣器採樣時間在廠外1分鍾，采集完畢後將細菌樣品放入恒溫箱18至24小時，真菌樣品放置2至3天後分別計算其菌落數。結果：廠外用MAS100採樣器分別對二個地點做定點採樣，其算術平均濃度分別細菌555 CFU/m^3、556 CFU/m^3；真菌1,593 CFU/m^3、1,476CFU/m^3；廠內用安德森六階採樣器分別對進流口、調勻池、曝氣池做採樣，其細菌算術平均濃度分別648 CFU/m^3、3,404 CFU/m^3、532 CFU/m^3；真菌算術平均濃度分別1,349 CFU/m^3、1,305 CFU/m^3、1,360 CFU/m^3。真菌的主要菌屬Cladosporium，約占83%。結論：由本研究得知調勻池的轉盤可能是造成生物氣膠濃度上升的最主要因素，因此建議加裝圍牆或採密閉設施可阻絕防止生物氣膠的逸散，防止其對環境或廠內人員所造成的威脅或衝擊。
Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of bioaerosols emitted from the operation units, including the raw wastewater intake, mixing tank, and the aerating tank, in a biologic wastewater treatment plant. Materials and Methods: A six-stage Andersen bioaerosol sampler and a newly-developed MAS100 bioaerosol sampler were selected to sample the bioaerosols. The Trypticase Soy Agar was used to develop bacterial colonies and Malt Extract Agar fungal colonies. After collection, the bacterial samples were incubated at 37oC for 18 to 24 hours and the fungal samples were incubated at room temperature for 2 to 4 days. Results: The average bacterial bioaerosol concentrations upwind and downwind from the plant were found by MAS100 Sampler to be 555 and 556 CFU/m^3, and fungal concentrations 1,593 and 1,476 CFU/m^3. The bacterial concentrations at the raw wastewater intake, open-faced mixing tank and mixing tank were found by Anderson sampler to be 648, 3,404, and 532 CFU/m^3, and the fungal concentrations 1,349, 1,305, and 1,360 CFU/m^3. Cladosporium spp. was observed to be the predominant genera (83%); other isolated genera or group included Penicillium, Fusarium and the yeasts. Conclusions: Open-faced mixing tanks may be the major source of bacterial bioaerosols at the wastewater treatment plant. |
