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    Title: 飲食治療對於不同性別及不同嚴重程度之低密度脂蛋白膽固醇過高患者之療效
    Different Effects of National Cholesterol Education Program(NCEP) Diet on Different Gender and Different LDL-C Level
    Authors: 陳志勇
    JAMES-CHEE-YUNG CHIN
    Contributors: 中山醫學院:醫學研究所;周明智
    Keywords: 飲食治療;全國性膽固醇教育計劃;高脂血症;膽固醇;低密度脂蛋白膽固醇;高密度脂蛋白膽固醇
    Date: 2002
    Issue Date: 2010-07-26T08:19:09Z (UTC)
    Abstract: 背景:對於高危險之冠狀動脈心臟病患者給於治療高膽固醇血症是可以降低罹患率及死亡率。根據美國全國性膽固醇教育計劃(NCEP-ATPII)之指引,對於改變飲食方式,適當之運動及體重減輕在治療不正常脂蛋白膽固醇血症是很重要的。但是對於美國全國性膽固醇教育計劃(NCEP-ATP II)的飲食治療之療效所知有限,尤其是其對於不同性別及不同嚴重程度之低密度脂蛋白膽固醇過高患者之療效。研究方法:研究人員在1990年夏天開始在台北縣金山社區,以35歲以上居民為對象,完成心血管疾病基本調查,建立了一個世代研究群。並於1992-1993年間的第一次追蹤時,選出符合美國全國性膽固醇教育計劃(NCEP-ATP II)成人治療指引中所定(參見附錄一),需要接受飲食治療標準以上的高膽固醇血症病人。從1994年3月至5月,有526位居民在金山群體醫療中心,接受醫師和營養師的高脂血症治療教育。347位於三個月後回中心接受抽血,驗收療效及接受飲食問卷面談,以查驗其飲食習慣的變化。這347位被納入此次飲食治療介入研究的成果分析。
    研究結果:在我們之飲食治療患者中,Paired-t test 顯示,飲食治療明顯降低總膽固(T-CHO)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C),及原脂蛋白--B(Apo-B)的濃度,其平均降低值及標準差分別是10.9+-1.7mg/dl(-4.9%),13.9+-1.8mg/dl(-9.0%),2.2+-0.5mg/dl(-4.5%),及0.23+-0.03mg/dl(-18.1%),以上p值皆為<0.001。而BMI值亦明顯減少0.30+-0.05(p<0.05)。對飲食治療的效果,在降低總膽固醇(T-CHO)、三酸甘油脂、(TG),低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C),低密度脂蛋白膽固醇及高密度脂蛋白膽固醇之比值(LDL-C/HDL-C),原脂蛋白B(Apo-B)及原脂蛋白A/原脂蛋白B(Apr-A/Apo-B)其平均降低值男性比女性來的顯著。而男性及女性在飲食治療後之平均降低值分別為,總膽固醇(T-CHO)-16.9mg/dl&-5.9mg/dl、三酸甘油脂(TG)-0.6mg/dl&+10.2mg/dl、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C)-18.5mg/dl&-10.2mg/dl、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C)-2.6mg/dl&-2.0mg/dl,低密度脂蛋白膽固醇及高密度脂蛋白膽固醇之比值(LDL-C/HDL-C)-0.3&-0.1原脂蛋白(Apo-B)-0.28g/1&-0.18/1及原脂蛋白A/原脂蛋白B(Apo-A/Apo-B)0.41g/1&-0.19g/1以上之p值皆<0.01。而且用ANOVA test來分析,發現飲食治療對於不同嚴重程度之低密度脂蛋白膽固醇過高的患者之療效有所不同。低密度脂蛋白膽固醇值愈高者(>190mg/dl)比低密度脂蛋白膽固醇略高者(<160mg/dl)有顯著之差異,其降低值分別為44.4mg/dl及9.0mg/dl,其p值為0.0001,同時也發現男性比女性患者來的有效。
    結論;總而言之,對有高血脂症的國人,經由簡單的飲食教育,改變飲食習慣,得以適度的降低膽固醇值,尤其是膽固醇值越高者獲益越多,而且在治療上男性比女性要來的好。這個發現,應用在臨床治療高血脂症病人及公共衛生上特具意義,值得國內醫療界採用。

    ABSTRACT
    BACKGROUNDS:
    Treatment of elevated cholesterol levels reduces morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease in high-risk patients. According to guidelines established by the National Cholesterol Education Program(NCEP),promoting diet modification,exercise and weight loss for the treatment of abnormal lipoprotein levels are important.Little is known about the effects of the NCEP diet,especially on different gender and with different levels of lipoprotein.
    OBJECTIVE:
    To study the effect of dietary intervention on patients of different gender and different levels of lipoproteins.
    DESIGN:
    In a cohort study from 1990 summer, the Chin Shan Community Cardiovascular Cohort Study,(CCCC study),we surveyed citizens older than 35 years old and followed up from 1992 to1993.We recruted the citizens who meet the NCEP-ATPII criteria.From1994March to May,526 citizens in CCCC study under the NCEP dietary treatment,347 citizens(66%)who revisited were interviewed and given questionnaires to fill out.These citizens are then anaylzed.
    RESULTS:
    In out patients,dietary intervention sighificantly reduces the level ofTotal Cholesterol(T-CHO)10.9+-1.7mg/dl(-4.9%),Low density lipoprotent (LDL-C)13.9+-1.8mg/dl(-9.0%),High density lipoprotein(HDL-C)2.2+-0.8md/dl(-4.5%)and Apoprotein-B0.30+-0.03mg/dl also reduced 0.30+-0.05(p<0.05).Male patients demonstrated significant decline in serum cholesterol levels,triglyceride,LDL,HDL,LDL/HDL,Apo-A1/Apo-B compared to female patients,all p-value<0.05.Moreover,the effect of idetary intervention in higher LDL-C level groups(>190mg/dl)demonstrated significant decline than the lower LDL-C level group (<160mg/dl)(-44.4vs-9.0,p<0.0001),and values in male patients decline more significantly than in female patients.
    CONCLUSION:
    NCEP dietary intervention is effective in reducing the Total Cholesterol,especially LDL-C,Apoprotein-B,and the effect in male patients is more significant than in female patients.It is also more effective in patients with higher level of LDL-C.
    URI: https://ir.csmu.edu.tw:8080/handle/310902500/1874
    Appears in Collections:[醫學研究所] 博碩士論文

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