| Abstract: | 利用遺傳細胞方法(cyptogenetic study)分析41例人類實質性腫瘤組織(human solid tumors)之染色體，其中有14例是屬於腦瘤(brain tumor)，18例屬於大腸直腸癌(coloretal adencocarcinomas)和9例屬於胃癌(gastric adenocarcinomas)。
在14例腦瘤染色體研究，有4例(28%)是正常染色體核型圖，10例(72%)是異常染色體核核型圖，其中8例為染色體數目的異常(以二種或二種以上核型圖共同存在)，在這些數目異常以monosomy 22和性染色體遺失最普遍，染色體構造異常有兩例(Bca-1和Bca-13)。兩者共同特點是第一對染色體產生改變，包括缺失，不平衡轉位，倒轉之異常。
大腸直腸癌(coloretal adencocarcinomas)在癌症治療過程中，死亡率僅次於乳癌和肺癌的主要一種惡性疾病，在本文收集18例大腸直腸癌的染色體研究有5例(28%)為正常核型圖，13例(72%)為不正常核型圖，再18例中有4例為正常核型圖和性染色體遺失二者共同存在，有9例是三種以上核型圖存在，大部分數目異常有trisomy 7. trisomy 13. trisomy 8和失去Y染色體或X染色體知性染色體比率多。
在9例胃癌鐘之核型圖，有3例(33%)染色體異常，6例(67%)是正常核型圖，其中病例Sca-1在染色體數目從46至99個，數目上異常常以trisomy 8.9和20是常見。在構造上異常以第六對長臂與第12對短臂平衡轉位居多，另一病例Sca-4是染色體數目異常 tetrasomy7. trisomy 7和失去Y染色體較常見。
綜合41例實質性腫瘤其中15例(36.59%)是擁有正常染色體核型圖，26例(63.41%)為染色體異常，在患者平均年齡以大腸直腸癌病人的年齡較長，平均年齡約69雖，而腦瘤病人的年齡較年輕，平均年齡約43.8歲，又再染色體異常以三染色體trisomy 7(31%)和遺失性染色體(69%)有顯著異常，在腦瘤染色體異常斷裂的位置有1p35, 1q21 , 1q25, 1p21, 3p21, 3q21, 4q11, 4p11, 5p12, 5q13, 8p12, 12p13, 12q24, 13p11, 14q22, 15p13, 22p11。在胃癌染色體異常斷裂位置有 1p16, 3q25, 3p13, 3q11, 4p11, 6q12, 6q25, 6p27 和12p13.等。
由以上結果顯示；在腫瘤中長發現的染色體斷裂點(breakpoint)可能存在主控腫瘤的基因位置，但仍須依賴分子遺傳技術加以證實和更進一步探討。
Cyptogenetic studies were performed on 41 human solid tumors, including 14 brain tumors ,18coloretal adencocarcinomas and 9 gastric adenocarcinomas.
Chromosomal analysis of the 14 brain tumor cells shows that loss of chromosome 22 or Y are the most frequent chromosome variation.Structural rearrangements are also seen in two brain tumors (Bca-1 and Bca-13)
The chromosomal rearrangements contains deletions, unbalanced translocation and inversion, and aberrations in chromosome are the most common.
The most frequent chromosome change were trisomy 7, trisomy 8, trisomy 13 and losses of sex chromosome in coloretal adencocarcinomas.
Chromosomal studies of 9 gastric adenocarcinomas,one case (Sca-1) were near-diploid and near-tripoid,the most frequent chromosome abnormalities were trisomy 8, trisome 9 and trisomy20, and balances translocation between chromosome 6q12 and 12p13, trisomy 7 and tetrasomy 7 are also seen in another gastic ademocarcinomas (Sca-4)
Cytogenetic studies of the 41 human solid tumors, 15 case (36.59%) have normal kanytype Y, 26 cases (63.41%) show Chromosomal abnormalities, In these 26 cases, trisomy 7(31%) and losses of sex chromosome(67%) are the most frequent chromosomal abnormalities.
The breakspoints in brain tumor abnormal chromosome are 1p35, 1q21 , 1q25, 1p21, 3p21, 3q21, 4q11, 4p11, 5p12, 5q13, 8p12, 12p13, 12q24, 13p11, 14q22, 15p13 and 3p11,and those found in gastric ademocarcinomas are 1p16, 3q25, 3p13, 3q11, 4p11, 6q12, 6q25, 6p27 and 12p13.
Some of the break points that found in those tumors are involved in locations of contain oncogene , our data confirmed preferential break points and location of oncogene, such as 1p35-1ck, 3p22-erbA2, 4q11-kit, 6q24-mas-1 and 1p36-fqr. |
