本研究企圖運用新的技術與前人研究，設計水蚤泳動行為模式觀察系統，使用高畫素之數位相機記錄水蚤泳動軌跡，並運用Image J V3.6中之破碎維度(Fractal dimension)與Box counting method分析水蚤泳動軌跡與泳動速度，利用固定時間截取水蚤之泳動軌跡利用畫素(Pixel)定量水蚤速度，研究結果顯示出界面活性劑於試驗時間0、30、60分鐘可觀察到泳動速度與控制組有明顯之差距；TX-100、SDS、NPE9、AE、AES 於試驗時間0分鐘之偵測濃度分別為20、80、80、20、40ppm，於試驗時間60分鐘之偵測濃度分別為2.5、40、20、10、80ppm，Paraquat、Cypermethrin、Malathion等殺蟲劑於試驗時間15分內即可觀察到其泳動速度有明顯之變異，於試驗時間0分鐘之偵測濃度分別為2500、2500、0.5ppb，於試驗時間15分鐘之偵測濃度分別為2500、10000、1ppb。分析軌跡之FD(Fractal dimension)值比較界面活性劑、殺蟲劑、控制組，經過統計分析(ANOVA)結果顯示出殺蟲劑相較於界面活性劑與控制組，其對於圓水蚤之泳動軌跡有顯著之差距(P<0.001)。本研究所開發之水蚤泳動行為模式觀察系統，其擁有數位化之影像與搭配破碎維度分析水蚤泳動之軌跡，可詳細記錄分析水蚤之行為模式，可減少預警時間並可評估水體是否遭受汙染，對於運用水蚤泳動行為模式試驗可做為一參考反應時間。
In this study changes in the swimming velocity behavior of the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia pulex were used as a indicators of pesticides and surfactant stress. The swimming velocity responses were determined by a real time image analysis, using a digital camera and a Pentium-PC equipped with. For a sequence of 30 images per group, where 10 daphnids were moving simultaneously, the trajectories have been reconstructed in binary image sequences. As biological endpoints, we defined the average swimming velocity.
In the pesticides experiments that had been exposed to pesticides for 0 to 30 min, it was observed that the daphnia became significantly increase or decrease positively phototactic swimming velocity after 5 min of exposure to pesticide compared to control animals that had not been exposed to pesticide.
In the surfactant experiments that had been exposed to pesticides for 0 to 60 min, it was observed that the daphnia became significantly increase or decrease positively phototactic swimming velocity after 15 min of exposure to surfactant compared to control animals that had not been exposed to surfactant.
In flow-through experiments that lasted for 15 and 30 min and during which there were repeated measurements, there was again a significant effect of pesticides and surfactant exposure on the swimming velocity behavior of the daphnia. Irrespective of treatment, time had a significant effect. Results suggest that swimming velocity behavior can be used to detect pesticides within a few min, in short-term as well as in longer-lasting experiments with continuous flow- through and repeated stimulation of the daphnia. In the study changes in the phototactic behavior velocity of D. pulex can be used to detect surfactant pesticides within a few mins, in short term as well as in experiments with repeated light stimuli, similar to the conditions in this study daphnia swimming behavior monitor system.
