有機錫被廣泛使用於塑膠製造過程中之穩定劑、殺生物劑、木材之防腐劑及船身的抗腐蝕塗料。三有機錫類特別是三丁基錫，對水生生物有相當大的毒性且對無脊椎動物的內分泌調節是有害的。本研究以胚胎生長試驗配合標的器官受影響率之紀錄，測試氯化三丁基錫及氯化三苯基錫對大水蚤胚胎之毒性。急毒性試驗結果顯示，氯化三丁基錫及氯化三苯基錫急毒性試驗之48小時EC50值分別為3.54 μg/l及9.69 μg/l；在胚胎生長試驗，氯化三丁基錫及氯化三苯基錫之96小時EC50值分別為0.40 μg/l及14.70 μg/l。相較於氯化三苯基錫，氯化三丁基錫對大水蚤稚蟲有較高之毒性。胚胎生長試驗結果顯示，氯化三丁基錫對大水蚤胚胎具有高毒性且導致胚胎生長畸形之比率高達50%。本研究以胚胎生長試驗配合標的器官受影響率之紀錄，有顯著的結果；透過大水蚤各標的器官之觀察紀錄，可以明確指出化學藥劑對大水蚤器官之影響，且比傳統之稚蟲急毒性試驗對藥劑有更好的瞭解，且可實際應用在環境毒物之偵測。
Organotins (OTs) have been widely used as polymer stabilisers, biocides, wood preservatives, and antifouling pants. Among the organotins, triorganotins and specifically tributyltin (TBT) have the maximum toxic effect to marine organisms and causes an endocrine-mediated adverse effect in invertebrates. Therefore, the present study were performed embryo development test, and recorded the rate of target organ been effected by the chemicals to evaluate the toxicity of tributyltin chloride (TBTCl) and triphenyltin chloride (TPhTCl) by Daphnia magna embryo. In acute toxicity test, the 48 hour EC50 value of TBTCl and TPhTCl were 3.54 μg/l and 9.69 μg/l, respectively. In embryo development test, the 96 hour EC50 value of TBTCl and TPhTCl were 0.40 μg/l and 14.70 μg/l, respectively. The results were indicated that trbutyltin chloride was more toxic than triphenyltin chloride. It was also observed malpighian tube and tail spine teratogenesis in embryo development test, more than 50% of daphnids being deformed during the test. The present study indicates that the embryo development test with target organ effected rate were more sensitive than traditional acute toxicity test. Suggest that the improved method could be use in environmental toxicants evaluation.
