使用生質柴油替代石化柴油，已成為近年來流行的議題。生質能源開發的目的是為了緩解石油枯竭問題。在這項研究中，我們使用固體鹼催化劑NaBiO3和NaVO3進行大豆油與甲醇生產生質柴油的酯交換反應。並且使用兩種加熱方式，傳統的加熱和微波照射來進行大豆油酯交換反應。
傳統加熱酯交換反應部份結果為： 鉍酸鈉用量0.5wt%、反應溫度65 °C、油醇比1:24和反應時間1小時，轉酯率97.22%；釩酸鈉6wt%、反應溫度65 °C、油醇比1:24和反應時間2小時，轉酯率93.68%。
微波照射酯交換反應部份結果為： 鉍酸鈉用量0.5wt%、微波照射瓦數50W（2.45 GHz）、油醇比1:24和反應時間1小時，轉酯率94.95%；釩酸鈉6wt%、微波照射50W（2.45 GHz）、油醇比1:24和反應時間0.75小時，轉酯率97.16%。
此外，還以不同的植物油（玉米油、橄欖油、椰子油、芥花油、蓖麻油、亞麻仁油）及廢棄食用油作為原料生產生物柴油。催化劑的觸媒特性分析有掃描式電子顯微鏡（SEM-EDS），熱重分析（TGA），BET比表面積測量和Hammett指示劑法。
Using biodiesel to replace petrodiesel has become the most popular issue in recent years. The purpose of bioresource development is to ease petroleum exhaustion problem. In this study, we use NaBiO3 and NaVO3 as the solid base catalysts for the transesterification of soybean oil with methanol on biodiesel production. Two heating methods, traditional heating and microwave irradiating are used to transesterificate soybean oil.
The performance of traditional heating for transesterification showed that the best FAME conversion was 97.22 % under 65 °C with the sodium bismuthate amount 0.5 wt%, the oil/methanol molar ratio 1:24 for 1 hour, and 93.68% sodium metavanadate 6 wt% and the oil/methanol molar ratio 1:24 for 1 hour.
The performance of microwave heating for the transesterification was also found the best FAME conversion being 94.95 % under 1 hour, 50 W microwave power （2.45 GHz） with the amount of sodium bismuthate 0.5 wt%, oil/methanol molar ratio of 1:24 and 97.16 % under 0.75 hour, and 50 W microwave power（2.45 GHz） with the amount of sodium metavanadate for 6 wt% and oil/methanol molar ratio of 1:24.
Moreover, different vegetable oil (corn oil, olive oil, coconut oil, canola oil, castor oil, linseed oil) and waste edible oil are used as the raw materials for biodiesel production. The catalysts are characterized by Scanning electron-microscopy (SEM-EDS), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), BET surface area measurements and Hammett indicator method.
