研究目的：本研究的主要目的是探討認知內容對憂鬱症患者的注意力偏導效應。研究方法：採用改良式叫色作業典範，受試者被要求叫出刺激詞彙的顏色，而非詞彙本身。我們將憂鬱症相關的詞彙分為生理、心理與適應行為三個類別，藉此探討此三類詞彙內容對憂鬱症病人所誘發的偏導效應是否有差異。先收集大學生組資料，檢驗材料與程序設計之可行性；接著以同樣的研究程序收集憂鬱症組與配對組資料。研究結果：分析大學生組（n=20）的資料，顯示一般受試者對生理詞彙有注意力偏導表現（t(19)=2.943, p<.05）。在憂鬱症組（n=22）與配對組（n=26）的比較中，以重複量數變異數進行分析，結果發現兩組受試者皆在生理詞彙上，顯現明顯的注意力偏導效應（憂鬱症組：t(21)=4.048, p<.01、配對組：t(25)=2.746, p<.05），其中憂鬱組在生理詞彙受到的偏導效應，顯著大於配對組（t(46)=2.374, p<.05）；兩組皆未於心理詞彙上顯現注意力偏導效應。研究結論：整體研究結果顯示憂鬱症具有生理認知內容的偏導效應，與歐美相關研究比較，台灣的憂鬱症患者並未顯示心理詞彙的注意力偏導。可能的原因包括文化特殊性的因素，東方文化傾向以生理內容作為情緒表達的方式，憂鬱症則顯現更明顯的注意力偏導，其影響力可能導致心理詞彙的削弱。
Purpose：In the present study, the attentional bias effect elicited by cognitive contents was examined in clinical depressive patients. Method：A modified Stroop task in which subject were asked to name the ink color of depression relevant content and neutral words was adopt. Depression relevant words were separated into three categories including physical, psychological and copping terms. A preliminary experiment was conducted on college students(n=20) to establish the paradigm. Then, we collected data from both depression patients(n=22) and their matched control subjects(n=26). Results：The college students shows significant attentional bias effect for physical words（t(19)=2.943, p<.05）. Both normal controls and major depression patients shows significant attentional bias for physical words (depression：t(21)=4.048, p<.01; control：t(25)=2.746, p<.05), while the amplitude in depression group is significantly larger than that of control group (t(46)=2.374, p<.05). No other bias effect was found. . Conclusion：The findings provide evidence that the cognitive contents, especially the physical content, can elicited attentional bias effect in depression patients Comparing to the findings from western populations, it is suggested that culture difference can be a possible explaination. That is, people in eastern culture tend to use physical complaint as the major way to express negative emotions. The trend maybe further amplified in patients with depression.
