| Abstract: | 檳榔嚼塊係本省深受歡迎之天然咀嚼物,主要由新鮮的檳榔果實、荖花(荖葉)及紅灰所組成,本研究乃針對檳榔嚼塊之活性氧生成與氧化傷害進行探討。 檳榔嚼塊配料粗萃液之氧化特性方面,檳榔嚼塊水萃取物會促進自由基之生成。除紅灰以及荖花與紅灰之混合物不會促進8-OH-dG生成外,其餘樣品皆具有促進8-OH-dG生成的效果,然而,8-OH-dG之生成量皆隨樣品粗萃液之儲存而降低。同樣地,檳榔嚼塊配料粗萃液中之過氧化氫總量亦隨儲存而減少。檳榔嚼塊中所含酚類化合物是氧化性的主要貢獻物質。8-OH-dG及過氧化氫生成量會隨儲存而減少,嚼塊中之天然配料(檳榔果實及荖花)中之PO及PPO可能扮演著重要的角色。檳榔嚼塊水萃取物並不會引起Salmonella typhimurium TA98與TA100發生突變,亦不會造成動物細胞發生染色體變異,但會導致姐妹染色分體交換頻率提高。動物試驗結果顯示,低劑量之檳榔嚼塊水萃取物餵食會提高大白鼠肝臟中GSH peroxidase及cGST之活性,而高劑量之檳榔嚼塊水萃取物會降低GSH及total GSH的含量,顯示檳榔嚼塊水萃取物可能會促進自由基之生成,同時也活化了抗氧化及解毒代謝系統。
In Taiwan, betel quid is a popular masticatory. Epidemiological and pharmacological studies showed that betel quid chewing was closely related to oral cancer owing to the free radical. However, the population of chewing betel quid is increasing now. In this study, the oxidation characteristics of betel quid and related oxidative damage were discussed. Study on the formation of free radicals showed that the aqueous extract of betel quid promoted the formation of free radicals via the measurement of 8-OH-dG. The effect of betel quid on the 8-OH-dG formation and the deoxyribose damage probably came mainly from its reducing activity. However, the formation of 8-OH-dG and content of hydrogen peroxide induced by betel quid were lowered by the action of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase during storage. Salmonella microsomal studies showed that aqueous extract of betel quid did not induce the mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 with and without S9. Eukaryotic cell studies showed that the aqueous extract of betel quid did not evoke chromosomal aberration, but it increased the frequencies of sister chromatid exchange in a concentration dependent manner. Animal studies revealed that low dose of aqueous extract of betel quid feeding significantly increased the activities of GSH peroxidase and cGST of liver, high dose of aqueous extract of betel quid feeding lowered the contents of reduced GSH and total GSH. It appeared that betel quid could promote the formation of reactive oxygen species and activate the self-protection of animal. |
