雖然運動對老年人而言是非常重要的，但是有很多老人的運動量是不足以達到運動的益處。因此，行為改變過程及技巧的知識是需要的，以協助健康專業人員發展能讓老人從事運動的措施。本研究的目的是在確認社區老人如何使用運動改變過程、決策平衡、以及運動自我效能來強化運動行為。本研究使用橫斷性相關性研究設計，採叢聚抽樣方式，共有168位老人參與本研究。資料收集方式是由研究人員面對面詢問每位研究對象問卷內容，並將研究對象的答案填寫在運動改變階段問卷、運動改變過程問卷、運動決策平衡問卷、以及運動自我效能問卷。研究結果顯示有一半的老人是不太運動的。單一因子變異數分析Scheffe事後檢定分析，顯示所有的運動改變過程、運動好處、以及運動自我效能在改變階段之間皆具有顯著性差異(所有p值<.05)。研究結果提供了設計運動措施的指引，這將可以增加老人運動及其他措施介入的遵從性。
Although exercise is important for older adults, many older adults fail to exercise at a level conducive to achieving the benefits from exercise. Knowledge about behavioral change processes and skills is needed for health professionals to develop appropriate interventions to engage older adults in exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine how exercise processes of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy used by community-dwelling older adults to engage in exercise. A cross-sectional correlational design was employed. Cluster sampling was used to obtain potential subjects. A sample of 168 older adults participated in the study. Each participant was interviewed face-to-face with the investigator reading the questions and marking the answers for the Exercise Stages of Change Questionnaire, the Exercise Processes of Change Questionnaire, the Exercise Decisional Balance Questionnaire, and Exercise Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. The results revealed half of the older adults had low activity. One-way ANOVAs and Scheffe post-hoc analyses revealed that all processes, pros, and self-efficacy were significantly different between two stages of change (all E values < .05). Study findings provide guidance in designing exercise interventions. It will increase compliance of older adults to exercise and other interventions.
