老年人在站起與坐下時期使用輔助起身椅之人因工程分析

中山醫學大學機構典藏 CSMUIR > 醫學科技學院 > 物理治療學系暨碩士班 > 博碩士論文 > Item 310902500/18809

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题名:	老年人在站起與坐下時期使用輔助起身椅之人因工程分析 The ergonomic analysis of sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit with lifting-seat devices in older subjects.
作者:	蔡宜娟 Tsai, Yi-Chuan
贡献者:	羅世忠
关键词:	站起與坐下;人因工程分析;輔助起身椅;座椅高度 Sit-to-stand and back-to-sit;ergonomic analysis;lift chair;seat height
日期:	2017
上传时间:	2018-03-09T04:36:06Z (UTC)
摘要:	日常生活中的很多活動都是在椅子上進行的，所以一個人由坐到站的能力對他的日常生活有著極大的重要性，老年人會因為生理機能的退化而較難執行站起或坐下的動作，學者們認為這將會限制年長者執行日常生活活動，降低生活品質。為了解輔助起身椅對於老年人站起與坐下時的肌肉骨骼影響，本研究以一般座椅、市售輔助起身椅以及自製簡易的彈簧裝置輔助起身椅，配合四種不同的椅座高度(115%、100%、80%、65%膝窩高)，利用三維動作分析系統搭配測力板進行人因工程分析，比較30名(男性16名與女性14名)65歲以上老年人在使用輔助起身椅時對坐下與站起的過程中，關節角度、關節力矩、完成時間以及地面反作用力等參數的差異，統計方法使用Two-way repeated measures ANOVA進行分析，統計結果將α訂為0.05。結果：1)無論是否使用輔具，座椅高度越低，則動作時間越長，且關節力矩與軀幹前傾角度越大，2)使用輔具後，可以減少關節力矩、地面反作用力與軀幹前傾角度，卻不一定減少動作完成時間，3) 自製助起架在站起過程中以80%膝窩高度相對於一般座椅減少8%關節力矩為最大效益，但是在坐下過程中對下肢肌力的輔助效益並不顯著，4)市售輔具UpLift的機構設計使站起與坐下的動作時間顯著增加(坐下過程中約增加1.5秒)，另外，115%膝窩高度站起與坐下時所產生的地面反作用力幾乎等同體重，5)自製彈簧助起架相較於市售助起架，不會因為座椅機構而造成坐下過程中的停頓表現。因此本研究認為，使用一般座椅時，100%以及115%膝窩高度的座椅較適合年長者使用，而當提供助起架時，則是80%或100%膝窩高度的椅子可以使助起架發揮最大的生物力學效果，減少坐下與站起時的下肢關節受力，尤其未來可將彈簧助起架改良以方便攜帶，改善市售助起架因為油壓動力而造成的動作不流暢。The ability to sit-to-stand (STS) is important for elders to function independently and maintain daily activities owing to there are many daily activities were carried out on chair. Older adults experience significant difficulties with STS and back-to-sit (BTS) during of physiological function degradation. As such difficulties influence the quality of daily life and ability to remain independent, research on the STS task is important. We investigated the biomechanics of STS and BTS motion with lift chairs. This study were conducted with 30 healthy older adults above 65 years old (16 male and 14 female) performing three sitting conditions (unassisted, with commercially available lift chair, and with self-designed spring-used lift chair) combined with four seat height (115%, 100%, 80% and 65% subject’s knee height). Using 3D motion analysis system with force plates to obtain the kinetics information. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to investigate the effects of various sitting conditions and seat height on the joint angle, joint moments, finishing time and ground reaction force (α=0.05). Result: 1) The peak hip and knee joint angles, joint moments and finishing time increase as seat height decreases, whether the lift chair used. 2) Using lifting devices reduce lower extremity joint moments, ground reaction force and trunk lean forward angle, but not necessarily reduce finishing time. 3) For self-designed spring-used lift chair, joint moments reduced by approximately 8% in 80% knee height seat compared with unassisted seat was the greatest biomechanical benefit, but the supporting effect was not significant during BTS. 4) Using commercially available lift chair increased STS and BTS movement time (increased about 1.5s during BTS), by the way, the ground reaction force almost equal to body weight in 115% knee height seat. 5) Related to commercially available lift chair, self-designed spring-used lift chair would not cause the BTS motion interruption during the design of lifting power. In condition, 115% and 100% knee height unassisted chair are more suitable for elderly and provide lift chair can reduce lower extremity demands. While 80% and 100% knee height with lift chair have the maximum biomechanical benefit. In addition, improving the self-designed spring-used lift chair into portable size to optimize action fluency can be expected.
URI:	https://ir.csmu.edu.tw:8080/ir/handle/310902500/18809
显示于类别:	[物理治療學系暨碩士班] 博碩士論文

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