注意力缺陷過動症(attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ADHD)是臨床兒童常見的 發展障礙疾患之一，ADHD 兒童青少年常伴隨嚴重行為與情緒困擾，父母較高程度的 憂鬱與親子關係惡化。親子關係是一個相互回應的歷程，研究發現憂鬱母親在親子互 動中，較負向、強制、疏離、以及較缺乏正向回應，憂鬱母親的孩子較一般母親的孩 子有較多的行為問題。 ADHD 兒童憂鬱母親親子互動的行為觀察研究(Lee et al., 2013)，發現ADHD 兒童服藥 時，母親憂鬱對於親子互動有顯著的負向影響，憂鬱母親在親子互動時，情緒表現較 一般母親平淡，憂鬱母親較一般母親較少對孩子說明對於親子衝突的想法與對孩子的 期待，憂鬱母親的ADHD 兒童在中性與衝突情境中皆較一般母親的一般兒童顯著較少 正向情緒與較多的負向參與情緒。 本研究計畫將延續 Lee 等人(2013)研究，是一個三年期計畫，包括四個連續性子計 畫：(1).ADHD 兒童未服藥時，一般兒童一般母親、一般兒童憂鬱母親、ADHD 兒童一 般母親以及ADHD 兒童憂鬱母親之親子互動品質比較研究、(2). 合併子計畫(1)與Lee 等人(2013)研究參與者樣本，探討四組親子互動之預測因子、(3). ADHD 兒童一般母親 與ADHD 兒童憂鬱母親之親子互動團體之立即療效與追蹤療效、與(4). ADHD 兒童一 般母親與ADHD 兒童憂鬱母親親子互動團體立即療效之預測因子研究 Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent developmental disorder. Children with ADHD have a high cormobid rate of disruptive behaviors or emotional disturbance and negative parent-child interaction. Parents of children with ADHD have a higher level of depression. Parent-child relationship is a reciprocal process. Depressive parents are usually more negative, demanding, distant and lack of responsiveness. Children of depressed parents are more likely to have behavioral problems. One observational study ((Lee et al., 2013) found depressed mothers of children with ADHD had a negative impact on child’s and maternal affects in their parent-child interaction even children with ADHD were on stimulant medication. Depressed mothers were more flat in affective presentation in neutral and conflict communications with their children. Children with ADHD whose mothers were depressive were less positive and more negative compared with children of mothers without depression. This study is planned to extend Lee and colleagues (2013) and has four projects in three years including (1). Investigating quality of parent-child interaction of unmedicated children with ADHD and mothers with depression, (2). Examining predictors of parent-child interaction for children with ADHD and mothers with depression by combining participants in project (1) and in Lee et al (2013), (3). Studying effect of a parent-child interaction group for mothers without depression and their children with ADHD as well as mothers with depression and their children with ADHD, and (4). Examining predictors of effect of a parent-child interaction group for mothers without depression and their children with ADHD as well as mothers with depression.
